By John Rockhold

Check out the best of the best new fuel-efficient cars — you can save big bucks at the pump and help drive us towards energy independence.

Fuel economy is back and better than ever. Among the new cars, there are improved perennial standouts, a growing number of hybrids and a crop of affordable, fuel-efficient small cars. Of course, much more progress needs to be made with energy-efficient vehicles and sustainable fuels, but fuel economy is finally in focus for automakers, and the 2006 and 2007 lineups show that we’re moving in the right direction.

Perhaps most exciting are three new cars that are small but practical, fun but not funky, and fuel-efficient without high price tags: the Honda Fit, the Nissan Versa and the Toyota Yaris. Their prices range from about $12,000 to $16,000; their miles per gallon stats reach into the high 30s. Then there are the longtime favorites for reliability and fuel economy — the Honda Civic and Toyota Corolla — which are as good as ever, if not better. Ditto for the best-selling hybrid Toyota Prius; in its wake automakers are improving hybrids and developing new models. Honda put new spark into its Civic Hybrid, and Toyota hybridized the best-selling family car in America, the Camry. Both have earned rave reviews.

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For the first time, an inhabited island has disappeared beneath rising seas. Environment Editor Geoffrey Lean reports

Published: 24 December 2006

Rising seas, caused by global warming, have for the first time washed an inhabited island off the face of the Earth. The obliteration of Lohachara island, in India's part of the Sundarbans where the Ganges and the Brahmaputra rivers empty into the Bay of Bengal, marks the moment when one of the most apocalyptic predictions of environmentalists and climate scientists has started coming true.

As the seas continue to swell, they will swallow whole island nations, from the Maldives to the Marshall Islands, inundate vast areas of countries from Bangladesh to Egypt, and submerge parts of scores of coastal cities.

Eight years ago, as exclusively reported in The Independent on Sunday, the first uninhabited islands - in the Pacific atoll nation of Kiribati - vanished beneath the waves. The people of low-lying islands in Vanuatu, also in the Pacific, have been evacuated as a precaution, but the land still juts above the sea. The disappearance of Lohachara, once home to 10,000 people, is unprecedented.

It has been officially recorded in a six-year study of the Sunderbans by researchers at Calcutta's Jadavpur University. So remote is the island that the researchers first learned of its submergence, and that of an uninhabited neighbouring island, Suparibhanga, when they saw they had vanished from satellite pictures.

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By Dan Chiras

Tap free heat from the sun with these solar hot-air collectors.

Are you freezing in the winter to keep your fuel bill down? Or paying an arm and a leg to stay warm? Either way, it’s probably time to consider installing a solar hot-air system. There are several options, and these systems are a hot commodity right now — in recent months several suppliers have reported increased consumer interest.
Solar hot-air systems capture sunlight energy and use it to heat incoming air. Heated air is then transferred into your home, often with a small electric fan. The solar energy costs what it always has cost — nothing. Solar hot-air systems can help alleviate homeowners’ worries about rising fuel costs and provide years of inexpensive, maintenance-free comfort. They can heat homes, offices, workshops, garages and barns.

Solar Simplicity

All solar hot-air systems rely on hot-air panels or collectors. Collectors are typically mounted on south-facing walls, roofs or even on the ground, if it’s unshaded during the heating season.

Some commercial systems are simple thermosiphon collectors that rely entirely on convection to distribute hot air, but most use fans or blowers controlled by relatively simple electronics. A temperature sensor mounted inside the collector monitors internal temperature. When it reaches 110 degrees, it sends a signal to a thermostat mounted inside the home, which turns on the fan if room temperature is below the desired level. When the temperature inside the collector drops to 90 degrees, or the room reaches its setting, the thermostat turns the fan off.

Solar hot-air systems actively produce heat only in the daytime, but some of that heat is absorbed by the building’s thermal mass: drywall, tile, framing lumber, etc. At night, the heat stored in the thermal mass radiates into the rooms. The more thermal mass, the greater the nighttime benefit.

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Ian Sample, science correspondent
Wednesday December 20, 2006
The Guardian

Piles of rubbish clutter the streets of the new urban sprawls. In overloaded hospitals, patients lie in corridors, victims of a pandemic. Water prices have rocketed, and temperatures have nosedived with a premature slowing of the Gulf stream.

Welcome to dystopian Britain, a thoroughly miserable snapshot of the country's woes come the middle of the 21st century. While the bleak scenario might seem unlikely at present, Sir David King, the government's chief science adviser, is urging policy-makers not to be complacent. A bleak future will only be avoided if they understand the threats and what new technologies might come to the rescue.

Professor King, a Cambridge chemist, decided more than 18 months ago that government departments needed to ensure their future policies were scientifically better informed. He set up two reviews, which have just been completed. One charted trends likely to affect Britain in the next 50 years or so. The other picked out emerging scientific and technological breakthroughs that will help shape that future.

Some of the threats are familiar. Climate change is expected to bring more extreme weather, with periods of drought and flash floods. Sea levels will creep up, and the Gulf stream, which boosts the climate of north-western Europe by about 9C, may wane. In the near term more renewable energy, flood barriers and high-precision weather forecasting could help. In the more distant future, scientists may modify the weather, for example by deflecting storms to unpopulated areas.

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CALUM MACDONALD

A majority of people are now heeding warnings over the dangers human activity poses to the environment and are leading greener lives, according to a new report.
Concerns about the environment have become part of mainstream society and most people are now taking small measures to cut down their carbon footprints, said analysts at Mintel.
The news came on the same day that figures released by the Scottish Executive showed an increasing number of Scottish households are improving energy efficiency rates.Mintel, which commissioned the survey of green activities, said 2006 may be seen as a "tipping point" in the fight against climate change as a majority of people began adapting their lifestyles to become greener.
However, in most cases people have taken only small steps to save energy such as recycling and ensuring lights are switched off, and the environmental benefits are outweighed by air travel growth.About 55% of the 2200 people surveyed for the Mintel and YouGov report stepped up their recycling this year and 53% began turning off lights and appliances to save energy.
Women and the over-50s have made the biggest shift towards greener lifestyles during 2006, researchers found. But only 11% of respondents cut down on car travel to save energy and a mere 2% said they had reduced air travel because of its environmental impact.
Meanwhile, the latest statistics on energy efficiency in the Scottish housing stock published yesterday showed that it has improved considerably.

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Filed under: Adaptation, Animals

How many times have you seen articles in newspapers about global warming causing the extinction of some frog, toad, lizard, butterfly, or you name it, specie? If today’s newspaper doesn’t contain such an article, Google “Global Warming and Extinction” and enjoy over two million sites. Repeatedly, if you see “Global Warming” and any specie in the title of an article, heaven help members of that specie, right?

What is odd is that literally thousands of professional journal articles show that virtually all plants benefit from elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide levels with or without any increase in temperature. With all the goodness in the world of flora, why do the fauna of the planetary ecosystem seem so vulnerable? The dirty secret is that the literature is full of articles showing the animal kingdom benefiting from changes that are underway.

For example, a recent issue of Global Change Biology contains an article about global warming and a “positive fitness response” in mountain lizards in Europe. Did these lizards not get the memo about extinctions? Maybe the lizards haven’t read their e-mail about global warming making things tough on lizards around the world? If nothing else, these lizards have obviously not been reading newspapers over the past decade!

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by Kurt Cobb

Cuba has become the poster child for a transition away from an agricultural economy based on fossil fuel inputs and for a society focused on self-sufficiency. Strangely, it may owe much of its success in this regard to its relative backwardness and its isolation from the world community. The implications for so-called modern industrial countries in a world approaching peak oil couldn't be more striking. To understand this, it is worth briefly tracing Cuba's path since the Cuban revolution.

After the 1959 revolution Cuba increasingly embraced industrial farming techniques that were already widespread in other countries. It was the modern thing to do. Rationalize farming along industrial lines so that the country could grow more crops for export. Inputs such as diesel fuel, fertilizer and pesticides were cheap. Cuba had become an ally of the Soviet Union which supported the country with subsidized oil and agricultural chemicals drawn from the Soviet's vast hydrocarbon reserves. Cuban plans to create a more diversified agriculture were abandoned.

There was one small exception. The military believed that Cuba could at any time suffer a naval blockade. Cuban military leaders realized that one of the key threats of such a blockade would be the loss of access to pharmaceuticals, almost all of which were imported. So the military set up a special laboratory devoted to herbal medicine which among other things gathered information about the already widespread use of herbal medicine within Cuba. This narrow effort would prove prescient.

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Embassy, December 20th, 2006
COLUMN
By Gwynne Dyer

Here's the plan. Everybody in the country will get the same allowance for how much carbon dioxide they can emit each year, and every time they buy some product that involves carbon dioxide emissions–filling their car, paying their utility bills, buying an airline ticket–carbon points are deducted from their credit or debit cards. Like Air Miles, only in reverse.

So if you ride a bike everywhere, insulate your home, and don't travel much, you can sell your unused points back to the system. And if you use up your allowance before the end of the year, then you will have to buy extra points from the system

This is no lunatic proposal from the eco-radical fringe. It is on the verge of becoming British government policy, and environment secretary David Miliband is behind it 100 per cent. In fact, he is hoping to launch a pilot scheme quite soon, with the goal of moving to a comprehensive national scheme of carbon rationing within five years.

Ever since a delegation of scientists persuaded then-prime minister Margaret Thatcher, a scientist herself, to start taking climate change seriously back in the late 1980s, British governments of both parties have been in the forefront on the issue, but Miliband's initiative breaks new ground. It has, says Miliband, "a simplicity and beauty that would reward carbon thrift."

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Bears in Spain have stopped hibernating for the winter — and the cause could be climate change.

Many of the 130 bears in Spain’s northern mountains who usually sleep through the cold season are still active because milder weather means they have enough nuts and berries to survive.

Juan CarlosGarcia Cordon,geography professor at Cantabria University in Santander, said: "We cannot prove that non-hibernation is caused by global warming, but everything points in that direction."

Mark Wright, science adviser to the World Wide Fund for Nature, said bears giving up hibernation was "what we would expect with climate change".

He added: "It's an indication of what’s to come. Climate change is impacting on the natural world. Hitherto the warming seemed to be happening fastest at the Poles — now we’re getting examples of it happening further south."

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 2006-12-21 Source：chinaview.cn

BEIJING, Dec. 21 (Xinhuanet) -- Actor Leonardo DiCaprio has questions about global warming and has gone online seeking solutions by using the "Yahoo! Answers" website.

"We can all be environmentalists," DiCaprio, 32, said in a statement to The Associated Press. "Creating communities online that are interested in discussing and embracing smart, simple and serious solutions reminds us we can all take action in our own homes and where we work."

DiCaprio said the United States "can set an example for the rest of the world by protecting our cities and protecting ourselves."

The environmental organization Global Green USA invited DiCaprio, who serves on its board of directors, to post the question online.

"It's meant to provoke thought about what people can do in their own lives and what leaders can do to take us in a different course," said Matt Petersen, president and chief executive of Global Green USA. "We're fortunate to have (DiCaprio) on our board because he can help shine the light on the challenge, shine the light on the experts and shine the light on the solutions."

Yahoo! Answers is a website that allows visitors to post questions or respond to those posed by other site users

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A new report has suggested that there are no major obstacles in the way of developing ships which can be run on hydrogen.

The EU-funded New H Ship project has stated that hydrogen could become a viable solution for the shipping industry, with fuel cells one way of powering a new fleet of emission-free ships.

However, while the report concluded that hydrogen-powered ships could be a viable option, it stated that there are a number of different difficulties to be overcome compared to the development of fuel cell and hydrogen-powered vehicles on land.

Hjalti Pall Ingolfsson, from Icelandic New Energy, which is one of the project's partner companies, commented that a big issue to be dealt with would be the storage of hydrogen on ships, given that there would be no opportunity to refill them when out to sea.

"There are different sized vessels with some of them going out just for one day, while others might go out for a week or even a month. So we need to be able to store the hydrogen aboard," he explained.

Although the New H Ship scheme has suggested a 100-tonne ship could be powered by hydrogen if at sea for no more than a week, it has yet to find solutions for heavier ships and those which will be at sea for longer. 

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ConocoPhillips has started commercial production of renewable diesel fuel at the company's refinery in Cork, Ireland. The refinery is currently producing 1,000 barrels of the renewable fuel, which includes soybean and vegetable oils among its ingredients.

Houston-based ConocoPhillips (NYSE: COP) said the renewable diesel meets European Union standards for diesel fuels. The fuel is produced using existing equipment at the refinery and is blended and transported with petroleum-based diesel, unlike biodiesel fuel. The process can also be used to convert animal fats and oils to renewable diesel fuel.

ConocoPhillips developed the production process and tested it at the Cork refinery last year. Soybean oil will be the primary renewable feedstock used, although the plant can also produce renewable diesel using rape seed oil and other vegetable oils.

"ConocoPhillips has developed an economical means of producing renewable diesel fuel that burns more cleanly than conventional diesel fuel and contributes to energy diversification," said Bob Hassler, ConocoPhillips' president of Europe refining, marketing and transportation. "Fuel source diversification will help meet the world's growing demand for energy."

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By Barry Shlachter

RIBEIRAO PRETO, Brazil - Every time Sheila Henrique fills her showroom-fresh Fiat SUV with ethanol, she helps further enrich her town's already comfortable sugar barons.

The twentysomething buyer for a department store is not alone. Brazilians across the country are snapping up new-model "flex" cars that use gasoline or cheaper, sugar-derived ethanol, or a blend of the two.

This 150-year-old city of half a million, four hours west of Sao Paulo, has disproportionately benefited from Brazil's newfound energy self-reliance, reached this year. What Dallas and Houston are to the oil business, Ribeirao Preto is to Brazil's booming ethanol industry, home to many of its biggest sugar farmers and ethanol distillers, who have helped their country achieve energy independence.

The vast majority of new cars sold in the South American country have flex engines. And with ethanol about half the price of gasoline - itself about 20 percent ethanol - times are remarkably good for sugar-cane growers and refiners of the alternative fuel. Some are vertically integrated, cultivating cane, crushing it and distilling the juice into ethanol.

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Climate change is to blame for health problems such as increasing epidemics of malaria and water-borne diseases in Africa, heat wave-related deaths in Europe and the high incidence of cerebral-cardiovascular conditions in China, specialists said on Tuesday while calling for appropriate public-health responses to tackle the problem.

"The resurgence of disease outbreaks calls for better climate surveillance and response and better health planning in coping with natural disasters," said Diarmid Campbell-Lendrum, a scientist with the United Nations World Health Organization (WHO).

"As we impact on the climate, it is unreasonable to think that this will not impact on health," he added during a presentation planned to coincide with the ongoing UN climate change conference in the Kenyan capital, Nairobi

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By Stephen Leahy 20 December, 2006

This was the year that most people in the U.S. and Canada began to take climate change seriously and express hope that their governments would take action to reduce emissions -- but it is unclear if they will take action themselves.

Last month, thousands of people stood outside electronics stores for three, four and more days and nights to be the first to spend 600 dollars for the latest electronic video game console, but how many would spend two hours protesting the inaction of their governments on climate change?

"There is increasing public support for action but I'm not sure there's a willingness to do anything," said Eileen Claussen of the Pew Centre on Global Climate Change, a U.S. environmental think-tank working with business leaders and policymakers.

Public opinion polls conducted last fall show that Canadian and U.S. citizens are clearly worried about the impact of climate change on their children and grandchildren. And they know their governments aren't doing much to reduce emissions, the polls show..

The recent film "An Inconvenient Truth" by former U.S. Vice President Al Gore, in which he systematically lays out the enormous body of evidence that the world is becoming dangerously warm due to human-generated greenhouse gas emissions, is the third-highest-grossing documentary in the United States ever and has been screened around the world.

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By Bill Henderson  19 December, 2006

Friends, I'm writing to warn you that ecoterrorists are organizing to subvert the lawfully elected US government using global warming as the pretext. These radical environmentalists have begun arguing on left wing websites that only the complete end of our market economy and it's replacement with tyrannical central government planning will stop global warming. They believe that only this complete repudiation of the American way of life will stop something they call 'runaway global warming' or 'runaway climate change'. With a fanatical disregard for all of our personal freedoms and our businesses, they want to turn America into a socialist state in total ignorance of central plannings failure in the old Soviet Union.

Global warming is a losers, doomsters conjecture. There is no reasonable cause and effect evidence that the world is getting any warmer (outside of normal temperature fluctuations caused by normally occurring changes in factors like the Earth's orbit or sunspots, etc.). In fact, we should hope that the world is getting a little warmer because in the reoccurring global climate pattern over the past hundred thousand years we are headed for the next ice age. A slightly warmer world would also increase agricultural productivity as well and generally open up presently inhospitable areas for human use.

Radical environmentalists state that emissions from fossil fuels are allegedly to blame for global warming because they hate America's success and because they do not recognize God's plan for human redemption and His love and infinite power. These radicals believe in a godless, hopeless creation where we are just one species amongst many; where all species will eventually become extinct. They believe in the possibility of a 'dieoff' of what they call our 'overpopulation' caused by lack of resources or catastrophe.

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By Bill Henderson  19 December, 2006

Friends, I'm writing to warn you that ecoterrorists are organizing to subvert the lawfully elected US government using global warming as the pretext. These radical environmentalists have begun arguing on left wing websites that only the complete end of our market economy and it's replacement with tyrannical central government planning will stop global warming. They believe that only this complete repudiation of the American way of life will stop something they call 'runaway global warming' or 'runaway climate change'. With a fanatical disregard for all of our personal freedoms and our businesses, they want to turn America into a socialist state in total ignorance of central plannings failure in the old Soviet Union.

Global warming is a losers, doomsters conjecture. There is no reasonable cause and effect evidence that the world is getting any warmer (outside of normal temperature fluctuations caused by normally occurring changes in factors like the Earth's orbit or sunspots, etc.). In fact, we should hope that the world is getting a little warmer because in the reoccurring global climate pattern over the past hundred thousand years we are headed for the next ice age. A slightly warmer world would also increase agricultural productivity as well and generally open up presently inhospitable areas for human use.

Radical environmentalists state that emissions from fossil fuels are allegedly to blame for global warming because they hate America's success and because they do not recognize God's plan for human redemption and His love and infinite power. These radicals believe in a godless, hopeless creation where we are just one species amongst many; where all species will eventually become extinct. They believe in the possibility of a 'dieoff' of what they call our 'overpopulation' caused by lack of resources or catastrophe.

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Drastic increases in oil prices and increased awareness of the limited availability of traditional fossil fuels are giving the new and renewable energy sector enormous momentum, with many of the world leaders in the field of photovoltaics (solar power), wind power and other environmentally friendly energy schemes accelerating product innovations that are being embraced across the region as alternative power sources.
The landmark Bahrain World Trade Centre towers will be the first of their kind in the world to use wind energy. Wind power will be harnessed by the building's three massive turbines, which are supported by bridges between the two towers, and will provide around 11-15% of the electricity needs of the two office towers, according to Ameinfo.com.
Also in Bahrain, the master-planned US$1.3 billion Bahrain Financial Harbour development will be fed by the innovative North Shore District Cooling Network, phase one of which is due to be completed by the start of 2007. It will provide about 30,000 Tons of Refrigeration (TR) to the entire complex. District cooling is gaining popularity because it delivers value to customers in comparison with conventional approaches to building cooling, and it consumes far less energy than conventional cooling systems. According to a recent study, district cooling will reduce peak power demand in Bahrain by over 400 MW by 2020.

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Publisher: &nbs p;Ian Morgan

The Prince of Wales has described climate change as the "biggest threat to mankind" and warned that we must act now before it is too late.

The environmentalist Prince called for greater determination and political will from governments across the world to fight global warming.

"Climate change is now a critical issue for every Commonwealth country," he wrote in CPQ, the quarterly magazine of the Commonwealth Press Union (CPU).

"The challenge is to find ways to mobilise the whole of their society in tackling this ultimate threat to mankind."

The Prince said climate change affects every part of the planet but could not be seen and was therefore easily ignored.

"I believe that mankind has all the necessary skills, resources and ingenuity to tackle climate change effectively," he wrote.

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Climate change could put an end to the skiing industry in Europe, the OECD warned this week as ski stations failed to open while France saw World Cup ski races cancelled because of a lack of snow. 

Although a gust of colder air has allowed the women's World Cup races to be rescheduled for next week, the problem of snow scarcity is here to stay, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development warned.

Germany could be hardest hit as temperatures rise but France, Austria and Switzerland could all suffer significant economic losses if the annual 60-80 million tourists flooding in to skiing resorts are held back by lack of snow.

"There will also be "winners" and "losers", both in terms of regions - for example Alpes Maritimes, Steiermark/Styria, and Friuli-Venezia-Giulia are considerably more vulnerable than Grisons, Valais, and Savoie - and in terms of the ski areas themselves, with low-lying ski areas being considerably more vulnerable than areas with high altitudinal range," the OECD said.

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Filed under: Adaptation, Animals

When some people think of a trip to the Mediterranean, they think there is a good chance to see a wide variety of tits, and for those of you interested in global warming, you might fairly wonder how climate change in the Mediterranean might change this situation. Well, you are in luck given an article in the most recent issue of Global Change Biology that specifically addresses potential climate impacts on Mediterranean tits. There are certainly many tits to study in that region, and there is no doubt that any change in climate could have an impact on their characteristics. To us at World Climate Report, this sounds like an important issue and we applaud any effort to explore climate change and tits throughout the planet.

An international team of tit experts from France, Belgium, and Canada note that “Climate change over the past century has had important ecological consequences, but predictions concerning the impact of future climate change on biodiversity remain subject to large uncertainties.” As tits are hardly confined to the Mediterranean, this work could provide insights into tit response in many other regions. World Climate Report has focused on tits in the past (see our story “Great tit watching in the British Isles” for more details), and we eagerly awaited the publication of this important manuscript.

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by Steve Connor

Global warming has begun to change the way microscopic plant life in the oceans absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere - a trend that could lead to a dramatic increase in the heating power of the greenhouse effect.

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by Andrew Buncombe in Washington and Stephen Castle in Brussels

The world's largest energy company is still spending hundreds of thousands of dollars to fund European organisations that seek to cast doubt on the scientific consensus on global warming and undermine support for legislation to curb emission of greenhouse gases.

Data collated by a Brussels-based watchdog reveals that ExxonMobil has put money into projects that criticise the Kyoto treaty and question the findings of scientific groups. Environmental campaigners say Texas-based Exxon is trying to influence opinion-makers in Brussels because Europe - rather than the US - is the driving force for action on climate change.

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November 14, 2006 edition

By Mark Clayton

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Quirin Schiermeier

Do you still have roses in bloom in your English garden? Then you might not be surprised to hear that Europe is experiencing the warmest autumn since Columbus first sailed to America.

Preliminary analysis shows that continental mean temperatures in September and October were 11°C — that's 1.8 °C higher than the long-term average for these months. November was 2.5 °C higher than the average. The results show that 2006 has beaten the 'hottest' autumns of 1772, 1938 and 2000 by about a degree.

Previous research has shown that spring seems to be coming earlier around the world (see 'Warming planet shifts life north and early'). But autumn climate trends have been generally less well investigated.

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EPA To Award Leading Corporations for Renewable Energy Purchasing

SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, Dec. 4 -/E-Wire/-- The battle against greenhouse gasses and global warming is finding new allies in the boardrooms of America's largest companies.

More than 650 corporations – including Starbucks, DuPont and the US Air Force – purchase 7.2 billion kilowatt-hours of renewable energy annually, an increase of nearly 240 percent since the end of 2004, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The growing role of corporate leaders will be highlighted at the Renewable Energy Marketing Conference in San Francisco, December 3-6, at which business executives, climate change policymakers, and renewable energy providers will explore the future of the exploding industry and the EPA will publicly recognize leading companies for their renewable energy purchases.

According to research released by Clean Edge in March, 2006, global clean energy markets for wind and solar alone are estimated to grow to nearly $100 billion by 2015.

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By Roman Kupchinsky

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Catherine Brahic

Grey Seals keep cool in water pools at the North Rona colony (Image: Biology Letters / Sean Twiss)Enlarge

Some animals stand to gain from warming climates, say researchers who have looked at the effect of changing rainfall on mating and sexual selection in grey seals in Scotland.

Sean Twiss, at Durham University, UK, and his colleagues studied the grey seals that mate at the North Rona colony in Scotland.

They found that the reduction in freshwater pools in dry years forced females to wander away from their usual breeding spots, and the watchful eye of their dominant male.

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